Pengertian Countable Noun
- Countable Noun adalah kata benda yang dapat dihitung.
- Kata benda ini terbagi menjadi dua macam, yaitu: Singular (kata benda dapat dihitung tunggal) dan Plural Countable (kata benda dapat dihitung jamak).
- Pada bentuk plural, perubahan bentuk kata bendanya mengikuti aturan regular (pola beraturan) atau irregular (pola tidak beraturan).
·
Regular Countable Noun
·
Pola
aturan regular perubahan singular ke plural kata benda
yang dapat dihitung adalah sebagai berikut.
|
No
|
Kondisi
|
Aturan Regular
|
Contoh
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
|||
|
1
|
kata
benda yang berakhiran -o, dan huruf sebelumnya vokal
|
ditambahkan
akhiran -es
|
tomato
|
tomatoes
|
|
potato
|
potatoes
|
|||
|
2
|
kata
benda yang berakhiran:
-s, -x, -ch, -sh, -ss |
ditambahkan
akhiran -es
|
gas
|
gases
|
|
box
|
boxes
|
|||
|
punch
|
punches
|
|||
|
dash
|
dashes
|
|||
|
loss
|
losses
|
|||
|
3
|
kata
benda yang berakhiran -y dan huruf sebelumnya konsonan
|
akhiran
-y dihilangkan lalu ditambahkan akhiran -ies
|
country
|
countries
|
|
4
|
one
syllabel noun
(kata benda satu sukukata) berakhiran -f atau -fe
|
akhiran
-f atau -fe dihilangkan lalu ditambahkan akhiran -ves
|
wife
|
wives
|
|
5
|
kata
benda lainnya
|
ditambahkan
akhiran -s
|
book
|
books
|
Beberapa Irregular Countable Noun
Beberapa
contoh bentuk singular dan plural dari irregular noun adalah
sebagai berikut.
|
Irregular Noun
|
|||||
|
singular
|
plural
|
singular
|
plural
|
singular
|
plural
|
|
alga,
vita
|
algae,
vitae
|
deer
|
deer
|
person
|
people
|
|
alumnus
|
alumni
|
fish
|
fish
|
phenomenon
|
phenomena
|
|
appendix
|
appendices
|
foot
|
feet
|
police
|
police
|
|
basis
|
bases
|
goose
|
geese
|
radius
|
radii
|
|
child
|
children
|
man
|
men
|
sheep
|
sheep
|
|
crisis
|
crises
|
mouse
|
mice
|
tooth
|
teeth
|
|
criterion
|
criteria
|
medium
|
media
|
vita
|
vitae
|
|
datum
|
data
|
ox
|
oxen
|
woman
|
women
|
Determiner pada Countable Noun
Contoh
determiner pada singular
dan plural countable adalah sebagai berikut.
|
Determiner
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
|
a/an,
the
|
the
|
|
|
many,
few, a few, several,a couple of,a large/great number, some, any, a lot
of/lots of
|
||
|
none
|
||
|
Demonstratives
|
this,
that
|
these,
those
|
Contoh Kalimat Singular & Plural
Countable
Dengan
mengacu pada tabel determiner di atas, contoh
kalimat singular dan plural sebagai berikut.
|
No
|
Contoh Kalimat
|
Keterangan Contoh Kalimat
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
||
|
1
|
Can
you borrow me a magazine?
|
Can
you borrow me magazines?
|
Singular
countable noun
harus menggunakan indefinite article
(a/an), sedangkan plural-nya tidak.
|
|
2
|
She
wrote the book when she was twenty.
|
She
wrote the books when she was twenty.
|
Baik
singular, maupun plural, dapat menggunakan definite article (the).
|
|
3
|
There
was a visitor in the museum.
|
There
were many visitors in the museum.
|
Hanya
plural countable noun yang menggunakan takaran.
|
|
4
|
That
apple
is from Malang
|
Those
apples
are from Malang.
|
Singular
countable noun
menggunakan demostratives “this” atau “that” sedangkan plural
countable noun dengan “these” atau “those” diikuti dengan bentuk plural
kata bendanya.
|
Pengertian Uncountable Noun
- Uncountable Noun adalah kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung.
- Uncountable atau mass noun ini kebanyakannya hanya memiliki bentuk singular (tunggal), namun ada beberapa yang hanya memiliki bentuk plural.
- Jika ingin membentuk pengertian plural dari kata benda ini, maka yang dijamakkan adalah takarannya.
- Banyak mass noun terbentuk dari derivasi adjective, derivasi verb, maupun derivasi noun.
Contoh Uncountable Noun
Adapun contoh uncountable noun dari berbagai kategori adalah sebagai berikut.|
Kategori
|
Contoh
|
|
food
|
noddle, meat, bread
|
|
liquid
|
coffee, milk, oil, honey
|
|
powder
|
grain, sugar, rice, fluor, salt
|
|
material & sourches
|
concrete, iron, wood, glass, sand, gold,
air, water, oxygen, fog
|
|
household items
|
furniture, flooring, bedding, electricity
|
|
language
|
Indonesia, english, mandarin, arabic
|
|
weather
|
thunder, weather, lightning, rain, snow,
wind
|
|
travel
|
travel, information, money, equipment,
luggage
|
|
professional endeavour
|
work, knowledge, research, progress,
intelligence, loyalty
|
|
abstract consept
|
happiness, tolerance, independence, love,
anger
|
Plural Uncountable Noun
- Beberapa uncountable memiliki bentuk plural (jamak) tanpa bentuk singular (tunggal) walaupun dengan makna yang sama.
- Plural uncountable tersebut
tidak dapat ditambahkan determiner
number. Contoh:twopants.
Contoh Plural Uncountable:
arms, clothes, customs, glasses, goods, groceries, jeans, pyjamas, pants, scissors, spectacles, thanks, trousers.Determiner pada Uncountable Noun
Determiner pada uncountable antara lain adalah definite article, quantifier, dan distributive, dengan contoh kalimat sebagai berikut.|
Determiner
|
Contoh
Kalimat
|
|
|
Articles
|
the
|
She bought the furniture
at the exhibition.
|
|
Quantifier
|
much
|
Do not bring much money to
the store.
|
|
little, a little
|
There is only little water
left in his thermos.
|
|
|
a great deal of,
a good deal of, a large amount |
A mother has a great deal of time
to listen her children’s problems.
|
|
|
no
|
There is no fresh water in
this area.
|
|
|
some, any
|
Would you mind giving me some
advice?
|
|
|
a lot of/lots of
|
I need a lot of margarine to
cook
|
|
|
Distributive
|
this, that
|
This rice is
free from herbicide.
|
Tentang Countable = Uncountable Noun
Ada
beberapa noun (kata benda) yang dapat menempati posisi baik sebagai countable maupun uncountable walaupun makna yang dihasilkan
agak atau sangat berbeda.
Kondisi Countable = Uncountable Noun
Kata benda yang dapat menempati posisi sebagai
countable noun maupun uncountable dengan beberapa kondisi dapat
dilihat pada tabel sebagai berikut.
|
Kondisi
|
Penjelasan
|
Contoh
|
|
1
|
Antara
countable dan uncountable memiliki kata yang sama namun dengan
arti yang berbeda.
|
glass – uncountable noun
(=material)
a glass – countable noun (=gelas) |
|
2
|
Pada
abstract noun, countable
menempati makna spesifik sedangkan uncountable bermakna general.
|
an
extreme sport –
countable noun
sport – uncountable noun |
|
3
|
Sedangkan
pada common noun, countable
dapat merujuk pada keseluruhan atau varietas benda sedangkan uncountable
berbicara tentang bagian.
|
cheeses – countable noun
(=varietas)
a bar of cheese = uncountable |
Contoh Kalimat Noun = Countable = Uncountable
Contoh
kalimat kata benda baik sebagai countable noun maupun uncountable dengan berbagai kondisi tersebut
di atas adalah sebagai berikut.
|
Kondisi
|
Noun
|
Contoh Kalimat Countable
= Uncountable
|
|
|
Countable Noun
|
Uncountable Noun
|
||
|
1
|
glass
|
The
boy drank a glass of milk.
|
The
box is made of glass.
(=material) |
|
iron
|
Can
I borrow your iron?
(=alat setrika) |
We
need enough iron to prevent anemia.
|
|
|
light
|
My
father should change the light in the kitchen one week ago.
(=lampu) |
There
is not enough light to read.
(=cahaya) |
|
|
paper
|
I
have an interesting paper to read.
(=majalah) |
I
need some paper to print the report.
|
|
|
2
|
business
|
He
has run a business since 2008.
|
Business is one of the most
favorite topic in the class.
|
|
experience
|
I
got an unforgetable experience while climbing the mountain.
|
If
you’ve experience of designing high-rise buildings, then you can apply
for this position.
|
|
|
life
|
Many
women prefer a secure life.
|
Life is wild in the hunter’s
opinion.
|
|
|
noise
|
There
was a noise on the road.
|
He
woke up early because of too much noise outside his bedroom.
|
|
|
sport
|
Parkour
is an extreme sport.
|
I
really love sport.
|
|
|
time
|
I
hope you have a good time on the journey.
|
He
has only little time to get ready.
|
|
|
3
|
cake
|
They
sent me a cake on my birthday.
(=satu buah kue) |
She
gave the first piece of cake for her mother.
|
|
cheese
|
I
have tried kinds of cheeses from many countries.
(=varietas) |
The
woman is grating a bar of cheese.
|
|
|
chocolate
|
There
are five chocolates left in the box.
(=five bars of chocolates) |
I
need some chocolate to boost my mood.
|
|
|
coffee
|
Give
me two coffees without cream, please!
(=two cups of coffees) |
He
prefers to drink tea to coffee.
|
|
|
hair
|
He
said that one hundred hairs loss per day is still normal.
(=seratus helai rambut) |
The
man dyed his hair in red.
|
|
|
juice
|
The
woman put some juices on the table.
(=gelas/botol jus) |
He
drank some juice at the party.
|
|
Sekilas Countable dan Uncountable Noun
- Countable noun merupakan kata benda yang dapat dihitung, sedangkan uncountable noun tidak. Countable noun mungkin singular (tunggal) atau plural (jamak).
- Jika ingin membentuk pengertian plural dari uncountable noun, maka yang dijamakkan adalah takarannya.
‘Menjamakkan’ Uncountable Noun
Uncountable noun dapat dihitung dengan menambahkan takaran di awal kata benda tersebut. Takaran kata benda tersebut dapat dijamakkan. Takaran yang digunakan antara lain: box, tube, bar, piece, cup, gallon, bottle, glass, kilogram, packet, scoop, spoon.Contoh Transformasi:
|
Uncountable
Noun
|
Countable
Noun
|
Uncountable
Noun
|
Countable
Noun
|
|
bread
|
a slice of bread, a loaf of bread
|
information
|
a piece of information, two pieces of
information
|
|
cake
|
a piece of cake
|
lightning
|
a flash of lightning
|
|
chess
|
a game of chess
|
milk
|
a glass of milk
|
|
chocolate
|
a bar of chocolate
|
sugar
|
a spoon of sugar
|
|
fluor
|
a kilogram of fluor
|
tea
|
a cup of tea, three cups of tea
|
|
gold
|
a bar of gold, ten bars of gold
|
thunder
|
a clap of thunder
|
|
grass
|
a blade of grass
|
water
|
a gallon of water
|
|
ice cream
|
a scoop of ice cream
|
work
|
a piece of work
|
Padanan Uncountable Noun dengan Countable
Berikut adalah beberapa contoh pilihan kata antara uncountable dengan countable.|
Uncountable
Noun
|
Countable
Noun
|
Uncountable
Noun
|
Countable
Noun
|
|
advice
|
tip
|
luggage
|
bag
|
|
baggage
|
bag, case
|
money
|
dollar, coin
|
|
electricity
|
battery
|
music
|
song
|
|
equipment
|
tool
|
poetry
|
poem
|
|
furniture
|
table
|
scenery
|
view
|
|
homework
|
task
|
travel
|
journey/trip
|
|
information
|
report
|
wine
|
bottle
|
|
knowledge
|
fact
|
work
|
job
|
Contoh Soal Pilihan Ganda dan Essay
Pilihan Ganda :
1.
I
……………apples
a.
Don’t
like eat
b.
Doesn’t likes eating
c.
Don’t
like eating
d.
Doesn’t liking eat
2.
A: Do you like coffee ?
B:……………………
a.
Yes, I did
b.
Yes, I does
c.
Yes, I doesn’t
d.
Yes, I do
3.
A:
……………………..
B: No, I
don’t
a.
Does you
like going to the beach?
b.
You did like
going to the beach?
c.
Do you like going to the beach?
d.
Are you like going to the beach?
4.
A: Does
Susi go to school by bus?
B:
……………………………….
a.
Yes, he
does
b.
Yes, she
doesn’t
c.
Yes, she
did
d.
Yes, she does
5.
A: Do they like eating fried rice?
B: No, they
don’t. they ………..apples
a.
Like eating
b.
Likes eats
c.
Like eaten
d.
Like eat
Jesica’s
Daily Activities
My name is Jesica. I am a
student. Every day I get up early in the morning. I get up at 4.30. then take a
bath and get dressed. After that, I have breakfast at 5.30 a.m. and on Saturday
I go home school at 11.30 a.m. when I arrive at home, I rest for a while and
have lunch. I usually read a newspaper in the afternoon. In the evening I
always do my homework and sometimes watch television before I go to bed.
6.
Is jesica a student?
a.
No, she
is not
b.
Yes, she
is not
c.
Yes , she is
d.
No , is
not she
7.
Does she
get up late?
a.
No, she doesn’t get up late
b.
Yes, she
does’t get up late
c.
Yes, she
doesn’t get up late
d.
No, she
gets up late
8.
Does she
have breakfast before going to school?
a.
No, she
doesn’t
b.
Yes, she
doesn’t
c.
No, she
does
d.
Yes, she does
9.
What
does she do in the afternoon?
a.
She
reads a letter in the afternoon
b.
She reads a newspaper in the afternoon
c.
She
listens to the radio in the afternoon
d.
She does
her homework.
Rudy is my friend, and he is
a shopkeeper. He has a shop in a small town. School children like to go there
because they can buy candies or ice-cream. Rudy
does not have a car because he does not have much money to buy it. To
buy something for his shop, he goes by his motorbike to the city. He usually
has luch at a small restaurant there. He is a very deligent man
10.
Rudy
is…………
a.
a worker
b.
a student
c.
a
teacher
d.
a shopkeeper
11.
Rudy
goes by ……to buy something for his shop.
a.
Car
b.
Motorbike
c.
Bus
d.
Ship
12.
What do
school children buy at Rudy’s shop
a.
Ice-cream
b.
School
books
c.
Ice-cream and candies
d.
Candies
13.
Why does
he go to the city?
a.
Because he has to buy something for his shop
b.
Because
he has to meet his friends
c.
Because
he has to meet the school childreen
d.
Because
he has to sell his car
14.
Where
does he have lunch?
a.
at hotel
b.
at
hospital
c.
at restaurant
d.
in a
small town
15.
Who
often shop there to buy ice-cream or candies?
a.
People
b.
Teachers
c.
Rudy’s
brothers
d.
School children
16.
My
girlfriend……………..a letter now
a.
are
writing
b.
is writing
c.
am
writing
d.
writing
17.
Amar…………..Nadilla
now.
a.
are
speaking to
b.
is speaking to
c.
speaking
to
d.
speaks
to
18.
There-a-book-is-on
the table
a.
There is
on the table a book
b.
There
book a on the table is
c.
There on
the table book a is
d.
There is a book on the table
19.
There
–some-are-pens-in my bag
a.
There
some are pens in my bag
b.
There
are some pens in my bag
c.
There
pens some are in my bag
d.
There are some pens in my bag
20.
There-many-students-in-are-the
classroom
a.
There
are in the classroom my students
b.
There are many students in the classroom
c.
There
are many in the classroom students
d.
There
are the classromm in many students
Essay :
1.
Write a short paragraph about your daily
activies
2.
Write the pattern of present continuous tense,
and write five sentences as the examples.
3.
Write the pattern of simple present tense, and,
and write five sentences as the example
4.
Write five sentences in the form of questions
and answers using simple present tense
5.
Write five sentences using the verbs hate,like,love, and enjoy.
http://www.gunadarma.ac.id/
